Analytes Measured
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Malabsorption and Dysbiosis Markers
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Arabinose
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D-Lactate
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4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid
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Benzoic acid
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Hippuric acid
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p-Hydroxybenzoic acid
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p-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid
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Tricarballylic acid
Cellular Energy & Mitochondrial Markers
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Citric acid
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Isocitric acid
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Alpha-ketoglutaric acid
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Succinic acid
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Fumaric acid
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Malic acid
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Pyruvic acid
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Lactic acid
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Hydroxymethylglutaric acid
Vitamin Markers
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Methylmalonic acid (Vitamin B12 status)
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Formiminoglutamic acid (Folate status)
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Xanthurenic acid (Vitamin B6 status)
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Kynurenic acid
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Quinolinic acid
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Picolinic acid
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Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5 status)
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Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C status)
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Alpha-ketoisovaleric acid
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Alpha-ketoisocaproic acid
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Alpha-keto-beta-methylvaleric acid
Neurotransmitter Metabolites
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Vanilmandelic acid (VMA)
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Homovanillic acid (HVA)
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5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA)
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Phenylacetic acid
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Phenylpyruvic acid
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Tyramine
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Dopamine metabolites
Toxin & Detoxification Markers
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Orotate
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2-Methylhippurate
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Glucaric acid
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Pyroglutamic acid
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Alpha-hydroxybutyric acid
Oxalate Markers
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Oxalic acid
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Glyceric acid
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Glycolic acid
Oxidative Damage and Antioxidant Markers
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p-Hydroxyphenyllactate
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8-Hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)
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Pyroglutamic acid
Methylation Cofactor Markers
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Methylmalonate (Vitamin B12)
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Formiminoglutamate (Folate)
These markers provide insights into:
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Intestinal microbial overgrowth (yeast/bacteria)
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Mitochondrial energy production
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Nutrient deficiencies (B-vitamins, antioxidants, carnitine, NAC, CoQ10)
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Detoxification capacity
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Neurotransmitter metabolism
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Oxidative stress and antioxidant needs
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